"Hatred does not make murder or assault worse; it only provides a motive. Hatred itself is not criminal. It is acting on the basis of hatred that is criminal. In other contexts, society punishes the act rather than the thought, attacking discrimination in deed, not prejudice in belief. That is how it should be here as well. Anti-Semitism helped cause the Holocaust, but it is in the workings of law and deed, in turning belief into practice, that the Holocaust turned exceptional."